After watching the Carroll debate, I felt there was one question that needed to be dealt with and I was wondering if some of you had an opinion on them.
How do we respond to the objection that "causality" is a weak premise in that the only time something truly "began to exist" was at the big bang. The argument goes something like this... We only have evidence that causation is true of things that already exist - that is to say matter/energy/etc. transform from one into another and a cause and effect are described at that point. We do not have evidence causation is true of things that did begin to exist because we have no observation of anything that began to exist, much less of something prior to it beginning to exist.
Of course, we can easily make the claim that IF something began to exist and it IF it has a cause, that cause cannot carry the properties of what began to exist (otherwise it did not, in fact, begin to exist).
Any thoughts?
Dr. Craig pointed out that a world which allows universes to come into being uncaused will also allow anything else to come into being--tables, chairs, clouds of electrons, black holes, planets, etc.--since nothingness has no properties and is thus indiscriminate. Taking this further, it seems perfectly plausible that in a world which allows things to come out of nothing, an item could pop into being uncaused and immediately obey the laws of physics and physical causal restraints it now finds itself in. For in Carroll's world, it is only ontological entities which are restricted by the causal principle. An existing chair, for instance, must obey cause and effect and the physical laws upon which cause and effect are based. But if the chair doesn't exist, then it doesn't have to obey this causal principle and can come to be uncaused. Which begets the question, why don't more things come into existence causeless given Carroll's physical causal principle? Why has it only happened once, as a universe? The fact there has only been a creation
ex nihilo event once actually supports Craig's position (
which predicts it), not Carroll's. We don't see violations of
ex nihilo nihil fit when we should all the time on Carroll's metaphysics.
This isn't to say that the universe is the only entity which began to be, certainly you and I are two further examples. There is no need to grant any reductionist assumptions.